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Sádecká, Lucia ; Králíková, Lucie (referee) ; Mazanec, Martin (advisor)
Len len is about the process. Originating in environmental issues and reflecting the processuality of the creation of a work of art. Processes from production to product, from tradition to the present, from memory to experience, from fast to slow, from imperfection to perfection, from the impersonal to the personal, from beginning to end. I deal with work with textiles as a classic medium, while I devote myself to the cultivation of flax as the original, in our country, raw material for the production of textiles. From the beginning, I watch carefully as it grows, I take care of it and I patiently expect the time of collection and subsequent processing. This phase is very important for me, as it brings with it various procedures, applied in old proven technologies, in interaction with people from whom I learn the craft and who shape the whole process, but especially from behind, observe how I am doing, what I managed. It is a personal and at the same time technical record of a two-year effort.
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Possibilities of using of Vitis vinifera as a source of raw materials for cosmetic production
Hanáková, Pavlína ; Vítová, Eva (referee) ; Zemanová, Jana (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals with preparation of extraction from various parts of grapevine and their consequent use in the manufacture of cosmetics. The theoretical part is focused on general characteristics of grapevine, its taxonomic classification, occurrence and cultivation. Subsequently, the chemical composition of grapevine parts and their uses in cosmetic, food and pharmaceutical industries is described. The final part is devoted to particular types of extractions and methods of determinativ of total phenolic substances. The experimental part deals with the optimization of the prepared extract in order to obtain the extract with the highest amount of total phenolic substances with respect to production costs. Factors such as selection of the appropriate solvent and extraction time are examined. 50% ethanol at the room temperature was found to be an optimal solvent. Finally, the physical and chemical properties, such as density, pH and refractive index were determined for the purpose of producing a material safety data sheet. The extract was processed into cosmetic products.
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Charakteristika nových hybridů silážní kukuřice
Stejskalová, Šárka
This bachelor thesis focuses on the characteristics of early maturing corn silage hybrids from the VP AGRO company. The selected hybrids were compared according to the yields of the green matter (t/ha), dry matter (t/ha and %) and according to the price level of seeds (Kč/SU). The data were collected from field trial records that took place between 2011 and 2022. These field experiments took place in the Czech potatoe agricultural sector in the Vysočina region at the following stands: Bobrová, Častrov, Horní Krupá, Okrouhlička, Počátky, Pohled, Pozovice, Radostín, Stonařov and Věž. Twelve hybrids were selected for the purpose of the study. The hybrids were subsequently divided according to the year of registration in the Czech Republic, followed by their detailed description and analysis. Based on the collected data, the following results were found. The total yields of green matter for all hybrids showed very similar and high values (50 t/ha). On the contrary the results of dry matter yields differed for each hybrid (16–18 t/ha). Additionally, similar fluctuations of dry matter in percent (34–38 %) were found. This high level of percentages of dry matter was caused by climate, soil conditions and different properties of individual hybrid. Regarding the economic comparison, the rising trend of the price level was confirmed, as is the case in the entire national sector. Seed prices have been affected by climatic, socio, political, and economic changes. One of the reasons for the price increase proved to be bad weather conditions (drought) in France, the state where the selected hybrids are bred.
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Výskyt škodlivých činitelů v porostu kukuřice
Janíková, Michaela
The bachelor's thesis is focused on the occurrence of key pests and diseases in breeding stands of maize in the Veselí nad Moravou locality in the Hodonín district. Observations were made possible on the lands of the VESELAN Agricultural Cooperative from the harvest of the previous crop to the harvest of the corn. Three plots were selected, a different variety was sown on each of the plots, they were the Pyroxenia, Centa and Cegrand varieties. Diseases and pests were found in the stands. Among the diseases, common smut of corn and maize leaf blight appeared on the plots, from pests european corn-borer, western corn rootworm, wireworms and to a small extent aphids. The harmfulness of pathogens was more severe than the harmfulness of pests.
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Study of Allelopathic Effects of Common Millet on Other Plants
NWAJEI, Lucky
Proso millet (Panicum miliaceum) is an important source of energy and protein for people and as well animals. At present, there are practically no data available on the allelopathic effect of proso millet. The aim of the work was to evaluate the alle-lopathic effects of common millet on selected crops and to suggest the possibility of using the acquired knowledge. Laboratory experiments included evaluation of the effect of extracts from plant parts of millet and millet seeds on seed germina-tion and growth of selected plant species, as well as evaluation of autotoxicity of millet extracts, evaluation of the effect of different densities of millet seeds on allelopathic activity and stability of millet allelochemicals. The most effective extract inhibiting the growth of selected plants was the extract from young millet plants. However, millet allelochemicals do not seem to be suitable for weed control due to their low stability.
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Mechanisms of physical dormancy and germination of orchid seeds
Jiroušková, Anna ; Ponert, Jan (advisor) ; Vosolsobě, Stanislav (referee)
Orchid seeds are called dust seeds because of very reduced structure. A mature dust seed is composed of living embryo and two seed coats which are formed by dead cells. While the outer seed coat is distinctive, the inner seed coat (known as carapace) is very thin and tightly surrounds the embryo. Seed coat is hydrophobic and prevents water from entering embryo. To induce germination artificially, calcium hypochlorite or sodium hypochlorite solutions are often used. However, the effect of chemical scarification on seed coats is poorly understood. I focused on seeds of Epipactis helleborine and Dactylorhiza majalis and I analysed changes in seeds induced by calcium hypochlorite treatment using germination of seeds in vitro, permeability tests of seed coats and histochemical analyses of selected components of seed coats. The most prominent change observed was decrease of amount of lignin in the outer seed coat. This is likely related to increase in permeability of seeds and stimulation of in vitro germination rate in Dactylorhiza majalis which has only thin and less complex inner seed coat. However, this relationship was less evident in Epipactis helleborine, which has thicker and more complex inner seed coat which is more resistant to hypochlorite scarification. This could indicate existence of...
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Inquiry methods in educational area Man and his world: Seeds, fruit and young plants
Nikrýnová, Alena ; Stará, Jana (advisor) ; Straková, Jana (referee)
This diploma work deals with the issues of inquiry methods of teaching at primary schools. The theoretical part provides some reflections on contributions and limits of inquiry methods and defines basic inquiry skills. Activities concerning the theme "seeds, fruit, young plants" for the pupils of the 1.-4.grade are suggested in the practical part. Nine of them were tried out in classes. The results of the action research are summarized in the conclusion. They are related to these research questions: 1. How to adjust inquiry activities in a suitable way for their use in the given classes at primary schools? 2. How do children react to this work style? 3. What demands does this work style make on teachers? 4. What problems concerning partial inquiry skills could emerge? How to continue working at them?
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Ecophysiological relevance of extreme sensitivity of orchids to nitrates
Figura, Tomáš ; Ponert, Jan (advisor) ; Tylová, Edita (referee)
Many orchid species are seriously endangered at present. Reasons for their disappearing from natural habitats remain often unclear. Orchids depend on mycorrhizal symbiosis in nature, however only little is known about this symbiosis. Seeds of some species do not germinate in vitro, making their cultivation for scientific and rescue purposes impossible. We found that seed germination of one of such reluctant species, Pseudorchis albida, is strongly inhibited by nitrates even at extremely low concentrations. As this species prefers oligotrophic mountain meadows, nitrate-induced inhibition probably take place in natural conditions. Surprisingly, we found similar but slightly weaker inhibitory effect also in typical mesophillic species and even in slightly eutrophic ones. The sensitivity to nitrates correlates with trophy level of species canopy. This inhibitory effect of nitrates could be weakened by application of a range of growth regulators, including auxins, cytokinins and gibberellins, and also by mycorrhizal fungi. The action of nitratereductase is essential for this inhibitory effect of nitrates. Experiments with NO donors, scavengers, and NO quantification are pointing right at NO as compound which perhaps mediates nitrate inhibitory effect. Based on these results, the nitrate inhibitory...
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